What is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome?

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a condition affecting many women in their reproductive age, is characterized by excessive testosterone (a kind of male sex hormone produced in the ovaries in small amounts), menstrual problems, and polycystic ovaries on an ultrasound. PCOS is often linked to high insulin levels, insulin resistance, blood sugar, and lipids problems. Insulin resistance is when the muscles and liver cells do not respond to insulin properly and does not absorb glucose from the blood for energy, resulting in the pancreas producing more insulin, causing insulin levels to rise.

The Role of Vitamin D in Insulin Secretion and Resistance

Vitamin D deficiency is more common in women with PCOS. Studies revealed that vitamin D might play a role in insulin secretion and resistance, both involved in developing metabolic syndrome. Vitamin D deficiency may also lead to calcium imbalance and insulin resistance.

This study aimed to explore the effect of vitamin D supplementation on insulin resistance in patients with PCOS and vitamin D deficiency.

The Study Method on Vitamin D Supplementation for Patients Diagnosed with PCOS

The participants included 41 women with polycystic ovary syndrome and vitamin D deficiency. The fasting blood glucose and insulin levels, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels were measured at baseline using a morning blood sample taken after a 12-hour overnight fast and two months post-treatment with a single dose of 300,000 International Units of intramuscular vitamin D3. The primary outcome measures were:

• Plasma levels of vitamin D.
• Fasting blood sugar and insulin levels.
• Insulin resistance.

The Results

A significant increase in serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was observed. On the other hand, fasting blood glucose reading, serum insulin, and HOMA-IR levels significantly decreased from pre-treatment to post-treatment of vitamin D, indicating less insulin resistance.

The Conclusion

A single vitamin D injection significantly decreased serum insulin levels and insulin resistance among patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Reference

The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Insulin Resistance Among Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome